Linear actuators are key components in countless automation systems, from industrial machinery and agricultural equipment to marine vessels and outdoor infrastructure. However, when these actuators are deployed in environments with high humidity, direct water exposure, or full submersions, extra precautions are essential to ensure long-term performance and safety. Water intrusion is one of the most common causes of premature actuator failure, sometimes leading to corrosion, short circuits, and loss of sealing integrity. We will cover steps to help you make the right selection, installation practices, and maintenance habits, so you can avoid these setbacks and maximize actuator value.
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- Corrosion – Water promotes oxidation of metal components, particularly in saltwater environments where corrosion accelerates. Corroded shafts, fasteners, and housing parts can lead to mechanical binding and performance loss.
- Electrical Damage – Moisture ingress into the motor or circuitry can cause shorts, erratic performance, or permanent failure. Even minimal condensation can reduce the insulation resistance of electrical components.
- Seal Degradation – Repeated exposure to moisture, temperature swings, and UV radiation can weaken seals and gaskets, allowing more water in over time.
- Mechanical Wear – Water mixed with dirt, sand, or debris creates an abrasive slurry that can accelerate wear on moving parts like bearings and lead screws.
By understanding these risks, you can implement proactive measures that prevent water damage to actuators, reducing costly downtime and repairs.
Choosing the Right IP Rating
- IP65 – Dust-tight and protected against low-pressure water jets from any direction. Suitable for most outdoor applications, but not prolonged submersion.
- IP66 – Dust-tight and protected against powerful water jets. A suitable choice for marine spray, washdowns, or exposure to heavy rain.
- IP67 – Dust-tight and capable of withstanding temporary immersion in water up to 1 meter for 30 minutes.
- IP68 – Dust-tight and protected against continuous submersion under manufacturer-specified conditions. Ideal for underwater or flooded installations.
For an actuator in wet environments, consider not just the highest IP rating but also material construction. Stainless steel shafts, marine-grade aluminum housings, and UV-resistant plastics extend the life of actuators in harsh environments. Additionally, waterproof linear actuators with sealed motor housings, watertight connectors, and integrated cable glands will offer better long-term resistance to moisture ingress.
Proper Installation for Water-Exposed Applications
Even a high-IP-rated actuator can fail prematurely if installed without considering drainage, cable routing, and sealing. In extreme or unpredictable environments, layering protective measures can further extend the lifespan of actuators:
- Proper Orientation: Whenever possible, mount the actuator with the motor end positioned higher than the extension end. This allows gravity to pull water away from the direction of the shaft’s entry point to reduce the likelihood of water entering around seals.
- Cable Management: Route cables downward in a “drip loop” before entering junction boxes or controllers. This prevents water from following the cable into electrical connections.
- Sealed Entry Points: Use waterproof glands or grommets where cables enter enclosures. Apply dielectric grease to connectors for extra moisture resistance.
- Avoid Water Traps: Ensure that mounting brackets and surrounding structures do not create recesses where water can collect against the actuator body.
- Use Protective Covers: In splash-prone environments, consider adding a flexible boot or enclosure covers over the actuator to reduce direct water contact.
- Corrosion-Resistant Coatings: Apply marine-grade anti-corrosion sprays to exposed hardware or select variants of waterproof actuators that come with salt spray-tested protective coatings when necessary.
- Desiccant Packs: For partially enclosed actuator spaces, desiccants can absorb residual moisture.
Maintenance and Longevity in Wet Conditions
Actuator maintenance is an essential part of prevention techniques for collecting data on areas that can use improvements to enhance longevity, thus extending service life:
- Routine Inspections – Check seals, gaskets, and connectors for signs of wear or cracking.
- Cleaning – Rinse away salt, dirt, or debris with fresh water, but avoid directing high-pressure jets directly at seals.
- Corrosion Checks – Watch for discoloration, pitting, or rust, particularly on shafts and fasteners.
- Electrical Testing – Periodically measure insulation resistance and connector integrity to catch early signs of water intrusion.
FAQ
What IP rating do I need for a waterproof actuator?
• For outdoor or water-exposed environments, water resistant actuators should have at least an IP65 rating to resist dust and low-pressure water jets. If your application involves temporary immersion or heavy splashing, IP67 or higher is recommended for enhanced water resistance.
Can linear actuators work underwater?
• Only actuators specifically designed with full submersion ratings, such as IP68, should be used underwater. Standard IP65 or IP67 actuators are not intended for prolonged submersion and may fail if used beyond their rated limits.
How do I protect an actuator from rust and corrosion?
• Choose corrosion-resistant actuators that are designed with materials like stainless steel or anodized aluminum. Apply protective coatings, use waterproof connectors, and perform regular cleaning and maintenance to remove salt, dirt, and moisture.
What’s the difference between IP65 and IP67 actuators?
• An IP65 actuator is protected against dust and low-pressure water jets, making it suitable for outdoor splashes and rain. An IP67 actuator offers the same dust protection but can also withstand temporary immersion in water up to 1 meter for 30 minutes.
In Summary
With the right approach, electric linear actuators can operate reliably even in challenging wet environments, supporting your automation systems without unplanned downtime. A little foresight in selection, installation, and maintenance goes a long way toward ensuring years of trouble-free performance.
As one of the top suppliers of electric linear actuators and motion control products, Progressive Automations offers industry-leading flexibility, quality, support, and field experience to meet all your needs. If you have any other questions about what we can offer, please do not hesitate to reach out to us! We are experts in what we do and want to ensure you find the best water resistant actuator solutions for your needs.
sales@progressiveautomations.com | 1-800-676-6123